The Global South, particularly nations like India and Brazil, is uniquely positioned to take the lead in combating climate change as developed countries struggle to meet their commitments, according to Andre Correa do Lago, the president of this year’s UN climate conference, COP30.
Speaking at a press conference during his visit to India for bilateral meetings, Correa do Lago emphasized Brazil’s commitment to going beyond the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement to ensure the effective implementation of climate commitments. He pointed out that many financial and governance institutions crucial for climate action operate outside the UN system.
Highlighting a shift in global climate leadership, Correa do Lago stated that while the United States remains hesitant on the issue and Europe focuses on defense and other priorities, the Global South has continued to play a constructive role in international climate negotiations.
“The Global South has always engaged with the multilateral process responsibly, following agreements and contributing actively. However, financial support and accelerated emission reductions from the Global North have not materialized as expected,” he said.
With both strong scientific institutions and vulnerable populations, countries like India and Brazil must take the lead in finding solutions to climate challenges, he added.
Strengthening South-South Cooperation
Correa do Lago underscored the growing collaboration between Brazil and India through international platforms like BRICS and BASIC, working towards a unified South-South climate agenda.
When asked about India’s stance on climate urgency, he acknowledged India’s strong scientific institutions and proactive approach in addressing climate threats. He also revealed that India has offered to host COP33 and emphasized the importance of both nations working together to solidify the Global South’s influence in climate negotiations.
Urgency of Climate Action
Reflecting on the Paris Agreement, the veteran climate diplomat noted that while the accord was negotiated with urgency, it was based on theoretical projections. However, real-world climate impacts are now unfolding faster than even the most pessimistic forecasts had anticipated.
“2024 is the first year to exceed 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. The Paris Agreement was a success, but we are now in a phase where we must act much faster,” he stressed.
Expanding Climate Action Beyond the UN
Discussing the implementation of climate commitments, Correa do Lago stressed the need for engagement beyond the UN system. He pointed out that most financial institutions operate independently of the UN, making their involvement crucial in ensuring climate finance and policy execution.
Brazil’s latest climate commitment, or Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), is designed not only as a climate plan but also as an economic development strategy. Correa do Lago stated that it aims to attract investments from global financial institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
COP30 Priorities: Multilateralism and Communication
Outlining Brazil’s key priorities for COP30, Correa do Lago said that strengthening multilateralism remains a top agenda, as Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva believes that a rules-based system benefits developing nations.
Another major priority is improving public communication on climate negotiations. He acknowledged that climate talks often result in lengthy documents, leading to skepticism about their real-world impact.
“There is a growing perception that climate policies are either hurting businesses or not resonating with voters. It is essential to clearly communicate the benefits of climate action to the public, businesses, and policymakers,” he said.
As COP30 approaches, Brazil aims to reshape global climate governance by ensuring commitments translate into tangible actions, particularly through stronger Global South leadership in the fight against climate change.
